序論：好文章的創(chuàng)作是一個(gè)不斷探索和完善的過(guò)程，我們?yōu)槟扑]十篇英語(yǔ)美文摘抄范例，希望它們能助您一臂之力，提升您的閱讀品質(zhì)，帶來(lái)更深刻的閱讀感受。

篇（1）

學(xué)習(xí)之于心靈，就像食物之于身體一樣。攝取了適量的營(yíng)養(yǎng)食物，我們的身體得以生長(zhǎng)而肌肉得以發(fā)達(dá)。 同樣地，我們應(yīng)該日復(fù)一日不斷地學(xué)習(xí)以保持我們心智的敏銳，并擴(kuò)充我們的智力容量。不斷的學(xué)習(xí)提供我們用之不盡的燃料，來(lái)驅(qū)使我們磨礪我們的推理、分析和判斷的能力。持續(xù)的學(xué)習(xí)是在信息時(shí)代中跟時(shí)代井駕齊驅(qū)的最穩(wěn)當(dāng)?shù)姆椒?，也是在變?dòng)的時(shí)代中成功的可靠保證。

2、Once learning stops, vegetation sets in. It is a common fallacy to regard school as the only workshop for the acquisition of knowledge. On the contrary, learning should be a neyer-ending process, from the cradle to the grave. With the world changing so fast, to cease learning for just a few days will make a person lag behind. What”s worse, the animal instinct dormant deep in our sub-conscious will come to life. Weakening our will to pursue our noble ideas, undermining our determination to sweep away obstacles to our success and strangling our desire for the refinement of our character. Lack of learning will inevitably lead to the stagnation of the mind, or even worse, its fossilization. Therefore, to stay mentally young, we have to take learning as a lifelong career.

一旦學(xué)習(xí)停止，單調(diào)貧乏的生活就開始了。視學(xué)校為汲取知識(shí)的惟一場(chǎng)所是種常見(jiàn)的謬誤。相反地，從生到死，學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該是一種無(wú)終止的歷程。 由于世界變化得如此迅速，只要學(xué)習(xí)停頓數(shù)日就能使人落后。更糟的是，蟄伏在我們潛意識(shí)深處的獸性本能就會(huì)復(fù)活，削弱我們追求高尚理想的意志，弱化我們掃除成功障礙的決心，而且扼殺我們凈化我們?nèi)烁竦挠?。缺少學(xué)習(xí)將不可避免地導(dǎo)致心靈的停滯，甚至更糟，使其僵化。因此，為了保持心態(tài)年輕，我們必須將學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)作一生的事業(yè)。

3、A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness; amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.

一本好書就像是一個(gè)最好的朋友。它始終不渝，過(guò)去如此，現(xiàn)在仍然如此，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變。它是最有耐心、最令人愉快的伴侶。它不背棄我們臨到我們身處逆境，還是痛苦。它友善款待我們﹐始終如一很有趣，也教導(dǎo)我們，在青年時(shí)死亡、與慰解我們的年齡。

4、Men often discover their affinity to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, ‘Love me, love my dog." But there is more wisdom in this:" Love me, love my book." The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.

男人經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此之間親密無(wú)間的相互愛(ài)為一本書正如兩個(gè)人有時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)朋友共同仰慕另外一人而為娛樂(lè)的三分之一。古諺說(shuō)："愛(ài)我，也愛(ài)我的狗。"但有更多的智慧在這個(gè)："愛(ài)我，愛(ài)我的書。"這本書是真實(shí)和高雅的聯(lián)系紐帶。人們能思考、感覺(jué)和彼此同情通過(guò)他們最喜愛(ài)的作家。他們住在他里面、他也住在一起。

5、A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of a man’s life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters.

一本好書常常是最好的缸生活其中規(guī)定生活最美好的東西能有什么，因?yàn)槭澜缟弦粋€(gè)人的生命是什么，最主要的是，但是整個(gè)世界他的思想。因此，最好的書是金玉良言的金色的思想的寶庫(kù)；珍惜的，就會(huì)成為我們忠實(shí)的伴侶和永恒的慰藉。

6、Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time have been to sift out the bad products; for nothing in literature can long survive e but what is really good.

書籍具有不朽的本質(zhì)。它是迄今為止人類不懈奮斗的珍寶。廟宇會(huì)倒塌，塑像會(huì)頹廢，但是書籍卻能長(zhǎng)存人間。時(shí)間并不重要，那些偉大的思想，都永遠(yuǎn)鮮活，當(dāng)他們初次閃現(xiàn)在作者腦海，很久以前的事了。當(dāng)時(shí)的話語(yǔ)和思想如今依然對(duì)我們說(shuō)話，透過(guò)書頁(yè)。時(shí)間唯一的作用在于它篩除了糟粕，因?yàn)閑的文學(xué)作品才能存留下來(lái)，但什么是真正的好。

7、Books introduce us into the best society; they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure actors with them in the scenes which they describe.

書籍把我們引入最美好的環(huán)境，使我們與各個(gè)時(shí)代的偉大智者促膝談心。我們聽(tīng)到他們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么，而行，我們看到，如果他們真的活了下來(lái)，我們深切同情他們的遭遇，享受，悲傷；他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)成為我們的，我們感到仿佛我們是在演員的措施與他們所描述的場(chǎng)景。

8、What makes a home Love and sympathy and confidence. It is a place where kindly affections exist among all the members of the family. The parents take good care of their children, and the children are interested in the activities of their parents. Thus all of them are bound together by affection, and they find their home to be the cheeriest place in the world.

組成家庭的因素是什么？答案即愛(ài)、同情和信賴。家是一個(gè)所有家庭成員凝結(jié)情感的地方。父母親悉心照料孩子，而孩子們也對(duì)他們雙親的活動(dòng)感興趣。他們?yōu)閻?ài)所聯(lián)結(jié)，因而發(fā)現(xiàn)家是世界上最令人感到歡樂(lè)的地方。

9、A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man. Every civilized person is a social being. No one should live alone. A man may lead a successful and prosperous life, but prosperity alone can by no means insure happiness. Many great personages in the world history had deep affections for their homes.

一個(gè)沒(méi)有愛(ài)的家便不再稱其為家，如同沒(méi)有靈魂的軀體不再是人一樣。每一個(gè)有修養(yǎng)的人都是社會(huì)性的人。沒(méi)有人能夠脫離社會(huì)獨(dú)自生存。一個(gè)人也許過(guò)著成功而寬裕的生活，但是榮華富貴決不能保證幸福快樂(lè)。在世界歷史上，許多名人都對(duì)其家庭懷有深情厚意。

10、Feeling in Snow

As soon as I walked outside, I was greeted with the shimmering white blanket of cold. Despite the chill overwhelming my skin, inside I was warm. I felt as though I could be giving off heat; I had the desire to stay out in this freeze for hours. It was the type of day that speaks to you through its elements; I took a deep breath to hear more snow was coming.

As I walked I looked up, trying to realize what made this day so beautiful, so serene. It was as if time had been put temporarily on hold and I along with it. Or maybe I was the only one unpaused…Either way, the solitude was comforting, and I sensed myself floating away. I sat down on the edge of a curb and listened. All there was to hear was the wind rushing over the top of my head and circling some old, cracking leaves some yards away. To me it was the reassuring sound of nature, trying not to be forgotten.

It did start to snow. None of those little flurries, but big, fat flakes which clung immediately to their surface.

Then it was time to go and my reverie had to end. As I began walking again, I drifted back into this time frame, calm and cleared.

Now if only I could remember where I was going.

剛出門，便撲面而來(lái)一大片晶瑩雪白的冰涼。冷氣襲來(lái)，肌膚陣陣戰(zhàn)栗，而內(nèi)心卻溫暖如初。覺(jué)得自己似乎能發(fā)熱，因而渴望在這寒冷中長(zhǎng)時(shí)間駐足。這是一個(gè)大自然與你交流的日子。我深深地吸了一口氣，靜聽(tīng)雪花飄落，源源不絕。

漫步雪中，舉目四顧，我努力思索是什么竟然能夠把這一天變得如此美麗和寧?kù)o。那一刻，時(shí)間仿佛靜止了，而我也定在其中。或者，只有我一個(gè)人在前行……

無(wú)論如何，這種孤寂卻令人欣慰。我仿佛脫離了塵世。坐在路邊，仔細(xì)聆聽(tīng)。只有風(fēng)從頭頂掠過(guò)，卷走幾碼遠(yuǎn)的干枯樹葉。在我心中，這是大自然給人安慰、令人難忘的聲音。

真的下雪了！不是零星小雪，而是鵝毛大雪，一落地就凝結(jié)在一起了。

該結(jié)束沉思離開了！我舉步前行時(shí)，思緒又轉(zhuǎn)回到現(xiàn)實(shí)中來(lái)，而此時(shí)感覺(jué)如此平靜，如此清新。

我實(shí)在記不得我要往何處去了！

11、生活的樂(lè)趣

Joy in living comes from having fine emotions, trusting them, giving them the freedom of a bird in the open. Joy in living can never be assumed as a pose, or put on from the outside as a mask. People who have this joy don not need to talk about it; they radiate it. They just live out their joy and let it splash its sunlight and glow into other lives as naturally as bird sings.

We can never get it by working for it directly. It comes, like happiness, to those who are aiming at something higher. It is a byproduct of great, simple living. The joy of living comes from what we put into living, not from what we seek to get from it.

生活之樂(lè)趣來(lái)源于良好的情緒，信賴這些情緒，并任由它們?nèi)缤B兒高翔于天空般地自由自在。生活的樂(lè)趣是無(wú)法靠姿態(tài)擺出來(lái)的，也無(wú)法用戴上一張面具來(lái)偽裝。 擁有這種樂(lè)趣的人們無(wú)需掛在嘴邊，他們自然會(huì)煥發(fā)出快樂(lè)的氣息。他們自己生活在快樂(lè)當(dāng)中，也將這樣的快樂(lè)自然而然地感染著他人，猶如是鳥兒就必將歌唱。

直接追求生活的樂(lè)趣卻只會(huì)使樂(lè)趣遠(yuǎn)離我們，它與幸福一樣青睞胸有大志的人們。生活過(guò)得高雅、簡(jiǎn)單便會(huì)產(chǎn)生出樂(lè)趣。它是我們對(duì)生活的投入，而非所求。

12、我命運(yùn)，我把握（不斷超越自己）

正如世界上沒(méi)有兩片相同的葉子，我們每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。相信自己，命運(yùn)就掌握在我們的手中。

Consider… YOU. In all time before now and in all time to come, there has never been and will never be anyone just like you. You are unique in the entire history and future of the universe. Wow! Stop and think about that. You”re better than one in a million, or a billion, or a gazillion…

You are the only one like you in a sea of infinity!

You”re amazing! You”re awesome! And by the way, TAG, you”re it. As amazing and awesome as you already are, you can be even more so. Beautiful young people are the whimsey of nature, but beautiful old people are true works of art. But you don”t become "beautiful" just by virtue of the aging process.

Real beauty comes from learning, growing, and loving in the ways of life. That is the Art of Life. You can learn slowly, and sometimes painfully, by just waiting for life to happen to you. Or you can choose to accelerate your growth and intentionally devour life and all it offers. You are the artist that paints your future with the brush of today.

Paint a Masterpiece.

God gives every bird its food, but he doesn”t throw it into its nest. Wherever you want to go, whatever you want to do, it”s truly up to you.

試想一下……你！一個(gè)空前絕后的你，不論是以往還是將來(lái)都不會(huì)有一個(gè)跟你一模一樣的人。你在歷史上和宇宙中都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。哇！想想吧，你是萬(wàn)里挑一、億里挑一、兆里挑一的。

在無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的宇宙中，你是舉世無(wú)雙的。

你是了不起的！你是卓越的！沒(méi)錯(cuò)，就是你。你已經(jīng)是了不起的，是卓越的，你還可以更卓越更了不起。美麗的年輕人是大自然的奇想，而美麗的老人卻是藝術(shù)的杰作。但你不會(huì)因?yàn)槟挲g的漸長(zhǎng)就自然而然地變得"美麗".

真正的美麗源于生命里的學(xué)習(xí)、成長(zhǎng)和熱愛(ài)。這就是生命的藝術(shù)。你可以只聽(tīng)天由命， 慢慢地學(xué)，有時(shí)候或許會(huì)很痛苦。又或許你可以選擇加速自己的成長(zhǎng)，故意地?fù)]霍生活及其提供的一切。你就是手握今日之刷描繪自己未來(lái)的藝術(shù)家。

畫出一幅杰作吧。

上帝給了鳥兒食物，但他沒(méi)有將食物扔到它們的巢里。不管你想要去哪里，不管你想要做什么，真正做決定的還是你自己。

13、掌握未來(lái)：我們正在起跑點(diǎn)

"We are reading the first verse of the first chapter of a book whose pages are infinite---"

I do not know who wrote those words, but I have always liked them as a reminder that the future can be anything we want to make it. We can take the mysterious, hazy future and carve out of it anything that we can imagine, just like a sculptor carves a statue from a shapeless stone.

We are all in the position of the farmer. If we plant a good seed, we reap a good harvest. If our seed is poor and full of weeds, we reap a useless crop. If we plant nothing at all, we harvest nothing at all.

I want the future to be better than the past. I don”t want it contaminated by the mistakes and errors with which history is filled. We should all be concerned about the future because that is where we will spend the reminder of our lives.

The past is gone and static. Nothing we can do will change it. The future is before us and dynamic. Everything we do will effect it. Each day will brings with it new frontiers, in our homes and in our businesses, if we will only recognize them. We are just at the beginning of the progress in every field of human endeavor.

"我們正在閱讀一本頁(yè)數(shù)無(wú)限的書的第一章的第一節(jié)……"

我不知道這段文字是誰(shuí)寫的，我一直很喜歡并用它們來(lái)提醒自己，那就是未來(lái)操之在我。我們可以掌握神秘而不可知的未來(lái)，從中創(chuàng)出我們所能想象的任何東西，一如雕刻家可以將未成型的石頭刻出雕像一樣。

篇（2）

青春

Youth

Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.

Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals.

Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.

Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing appetite for what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart, there is a wireless station; so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, courage and power from man and from the infinite, so long as you are young.

When your aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you’ve grown old, even at 20; but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there’s hope you may die young at 80.

青春

青春不是年華，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙熱的戀情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。

青春氣貫長(zhǎng)虹，勇銳蓋過(guò)怯弱，進(jìn)取壓倒茍安。如此銳氣，二十后生而有之，六旬男子則更多見(jiàn)。年歲有加，并非垂老，理想丟棄，方墮暮年。

歲月悠悠，衰微只及肌膚；熱忱拋卻，頹廢必致靈魂。憂煩，惶恐，喪失自信，定使心靈扭曲，意氣如灰。

無(wú)論年屆花甲，擬或二八芳齡，心中皆有生命之歡樂(lè)，奇跡之誘惑，孩童般天真久盛不衰。人人心中皆有一臺(tái)天線，只要你從天上人間接受美好、希望、歡樂(lè)、勇氣和力量的信號(hào)，你就青春永駐，風(fēng)華常存。 、

一旦天線下降，銳氣便被冰雪覆蓋，玩世不恭、自暴自棄油然而生，即使年方二十，實(shí)已垂垂老矣；然則只要樹起天線，捕捉樂(lè)觀信號(hào)，你就有望在八十高齡告別塵寰時(shí)仍覺(jué)年輕。

英語(yǔ)美文摘抄（二）

從不說(shuō)他做不到

We Never Told Him He Couldn”t Do It

My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally - but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in surgery, casts and braces. By the time he was eight, you wouldn”t know he had a problem when you saw him walk .

The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, and Joey would jump right in and run and play, too. We never told him that he probably wouldn”t be able to run as well as the other children. So he didn”t know.

In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross-country team. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others - perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to score points for the school. We didn”t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn”t know.

He continued to run four to five miles a day, every day - even the day he had a 103-degree fever. I was worried, so I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. I asked him how he felt. "Okay," he said. He had two more miles to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. We never told him he couldn”t run four miles with a 103-degree fever. So he didn”t know.

Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were called. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth-graders. We never told him he shouldn”t expect to make the team. We never told him he couldn”t do it. We never told him he couldn”t do it…so he didn”t know. He just did it.

從不說(shuō)他做不到

我的兒子瓊尼降生時(shí)，他的雙腳向上彎彎著，醫(yī)生向我們保證說(shuō)經(jīng)過(guò)治療，小瓊尼可以像常人一樣走路，但像常人一樣跑步的可能性則微乎其微。瓊尼3歲之前一直在接受治療，和支架、石膏模子打交道。七八歲的時(shí)候，他走路的樣子已讓人看不出他的腿有過(guò)毛病。

鄰居的小孩子們做游戲的時(shí)候總是跑過(guò)來(lái)跑過(guò)去。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)小瓊尼看到他們玩就會(huì)馬上加進(jìn)去跑啊鬧的。我們從不告訴他不能像別的孩子那樣跑，我們從不說(shuō)他和別的孩子不一樣。因?yàn)槲覀儾粚?duì)他說(shuō)，所以他不知道。

七年級(jí)的時(shí)候，瓊尼決定參加跑步橫穿全美的比賽。每天他和大伙一塊訓(xùn)練。也許是意識(shí)到自己先天不如別人，他訓(xùn)練得比任何人都刻苦。訓(xùn)練隊(duì)的前7名選手可以參加最后比賽，為學(xué)校拿分。我們沒(méi)有告訴瓊尼；也許會(huì)落空，所以他不知道。

他堅(jiān)持每天跑4~5英里。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記有一次，他發(fā)著高燒，但仍堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練。我為他擔(dān)心，于是去學(xué)校看他，發(fā)現(xiàn)他正在一個(gè)人沿著長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的林蔭道跑步呢。我問(wèn)他感覺(jué)怎么樣，"很好。"他說(shuō)。還剩下最后兩英里。他滿臉是汗，眼睛因?yàn)榘l(fā)燒失去了光彩。然而他目不斜視，堅(jiān)持著跑下來(lái)。我們從沒(méi)有告訴他不能發(fā)著高燒去跑4英里的路，我們從沒(méi)有這樣對(duì)他說(shuō)，所以他不知道。

兩個(gè)星期后，在決賽前的3天，長(zhǎng)跑隊(duì)的名次被確定下來(lái)。瓊尼是第六名，他成功了。他才是個(gè)七年級(jí)生，而其余的人都是八年級(jí)生。我們從沒(méi)有告訴他不要去期望入選，我們從沒(méi)有對(duì)他說(shuō)他不會(huì)成功。是的，從沒(méi)說(shuō)起過(guò)……所以他不知道，但他卻做到了！

英語(yǔ)美文摘抄（三）

家

home

What makes a home Love and sympathy and confidence. It is a place where kindly affections exist among all the members of the family. The parents take good care of their children, and the children are interested in the activities of their parents. Thus all of them are bound together by affection, and they find their home to be the cheeriest place in the world.

A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man. Every civilized person is a social being. No one should live alone. A man may lead a successful and prosperous life, but prosperity alone can by no means insure happiness. Many great personages in the world history had deep affections for their homes.

Your home may be poor and humble, but duty lies there. You should try to make it cheerful and comfortable. The greater the difficulties, the richer will be your reward.

A home is more than a family dwelling. It is a school in which people are trained for citizenship. A man will not render good services to his country if he can do nothing good for his home; for in proportion as he loves his home, will he love his country. The home is the birthplace of true patriotism. It is the secret of social welfare and national greatness. It is the basis and origin of civilization.

家

組成家庭的因素是什么？答案即愛(ài)、同情和信賴。家是一個(gè)所有家庭成員凝結(jié)情感的地方。父母親悉心照料孩子，而孩子們也對(duì)他們雙親的活動(dòng)感興趣。他們?yōu)閻?ài)所聯(lián)結(jié)，因而發(fā)現(xiàn)家是世界上最令人感到歡樂(lè)的地方。

一個(gè)沒(méi)有愛(ài)的家便不再稱其為家，如同沒(méi)有靈魂的軀體不再是人一樣。每一個(gè)有修養(yǎng)的人都是社會(huì)性的人。沒(méi)有人能夠脫離社會(huì)獨(dú)自生存。一個(gè)人也許過(guò)著成功而寬裕的生活，但是榮華富貴決不能保證幸?？鞓?lè)。在世界歷史上，許多名人都對(duì)其家庭懷有深情厚意。

你的家也許貧窮而簡(jiǎn)陋，但那正是你的職責(zé)所在。你應(yīng)該努力使其愉快和舒適。你遭遇的困難越大，所得到的報(bào)償也就越多。

家不僅僅是一個(gè)供家人居住的地方。它還是一個(gè)培養(yǎng)人們成為公民的場(chǎng)所。一個(gè)人假如無(wú)法對(duì)家庭做出有意義的事情，也就無(wú)法為國(guó)家提供優(yōu)良的服務(wù)，因?yàn)閻?ài)家和愛(ài)國(guó)是成正比的。家庭是愛(ài)國(guó)主義精神的真正發(fā)源地，是社會(huì)福利和國(guó)家昌盛的秘訣，是文明的基礎(chǔ)和起源。

英語(yǔ)美句摘抄：

1、Love is like a butterfly. It goes where it pleases and it pleases where it goes. 愛(ài)情就像一只蝴蝶，它喜歡飛到哪里，就把歡樂(lè)帶到哪里。

2、The worst way to miss someone is to be sitting right beside them knowing you can”t have them.  失去某人，最糟糕的莫過(guò)于，他近在身旁，卻猶如遠(yuǎn)在天邊。

3、I can make it through the rain. I can stand up once again on my own. 我可以穿越云雨，也可以東山再起。

4、Without a friend the world is a wilderness.沒(méi)有朋友，世界就等於一片荒野。

5、A mother”s voice is the most beautiful sound in the world.世界上有一種最美麗的聲音，那便是母親的呼喚。

6、I have searched a thousand years,And I have cried a thousand tears.I found everything I need,You are everything to me. Barry Fitzpatrick.我尋覓了千萬(wàn)年，我哭泣了千萬(wàn)次。我已經(jīng)找到了需要的一切，你就是我的一切。

7、Sometimes God doesn”t give you what you think you want. Not because you don”t deserve it but because you deserve more. 有時(shí)候老天爺沒(méi)有給你想要的東西。不是因?yàn)槟悴慌?，而是因?yàn)槟阒档脫碛懈唷?/p>

8、Although time and distance separate us, we still remember the purest friendship and blessing雖然時(shí)空隔離了我們，卻能記憶彼此最純真的友情與祝福。

9、My best friend is the one who brings out the best in me!我最好的朋友是讓我表現(xiàn)最佳的朋友。

10、The children--they are falling into the hands of the elves, the smile can make people forget the troubles.孩子--他們是落入凡間的精靈，那笑是可以讓人忘記煩惱的。

11、The family is the rain, take irritable, leaving cool; affection is the wind, blowing the sorrow, stay happy; the family is the sun, taking away the darkness, leaving the light. The family is the most great, no matter you are happy, frustration, pain, loss, it will gently on your way, quietly with your life.親情是雨，帶走煩燥，留下輕涼；親情是風(fēng)，吹走憂愁，留下愉快；親情是太陽(yáng)，帶走黑暗，留下光明。親情是最偉大的，不管你快樂(lè)，沮喪，痛苦，彷徨，它永遠(yuǎn)輕輕地走在你的路上，悄悄地伴著你的一生。

12、Happiness always looks small while you hold it in your hands,but let it go,and you learn at oncehow big and precious it is.你把幸福捧在手里，看似微不足道，一旦放手，你便立刻感覺(jué)到他的重要與珍貴。

13、Friendship is like money, easier made than kept.朋友就像金錢，得來(lái)容易保持難。

14、Can not be friends after breaking up, because the two sides hurt. Not do the enemy, because loving each other too, so we become the most familiar stranger.分手后不可以做朋友，因?yàn)楸舜藗^(guò)。不可以做敵人。因?yàn)楸舜松類?ài)過(guò)，所以我們變成了最熟悉的陌生人

15、Friendship is like wine---the older the better.友誼像美酒， 越陳越醇厚。

16、Do not keep anything for a special occasion, because every day that you live is a special occasion.不要將你的東西為了某一個(gè)特別的時(shí)刻而預(yù)留著，因?yàn)槟闵畹拿恳惶於际悄敲刺貏e。

17、There’s nothing more beautiful than a smile that struggles through tears.世上最美的，莫過(guò)于從淚水中掙脫出來(lái)的那個(gè)微笑。

18、Affection is like water, so that all become pure filtered; it makes the flat family, by burning the more edges; the family is poetry, so boring after modified reached a kind of artistic conception. 親情如水，使紛繁經(jīng)過(guò)過(guò)濾變得純凈；親情似火，使平淡通過(guò)煅燒日顯棱角；親情是詩(shī)，使乏味經(jīng)過(guò)修飾達(dá)到一種意境。親情，生命永恒的動(dòng)力。

19、When two eyes meet and hold strongly, they are bound to meet again.當(dāng)兩眼相遇久久凝視，這兩雙眼睛注定將會(huì)再一次相遇。

20、If you are a winter grass, affection is the sun, warm your cold body.如果你是冬日的小草，親情就是太陽(yáng)，為你溫暖冰冷的身軀。

21、No matter how long the rain lasts, there will be a rainbow in the end. No  matter how sad you may be, believe, that happiness is waiting.不管雨下多久，最終彩虹總會(huì)出現(xiàn)。不管你有多難過(guò)，始終要相信，幸福就在不遠(yuǎn)處。

22、Love without end hath no end. 情綿綿，愛(ài)無(wú)邊。

23、From your parents you learn love and laughter and how to put one foot before the other. 你從父母那里學(xué)到愛(ài)，學(xué)到笑，學(xué)到怎樣走路。

24、Love is a vine that grows into our hearts. 愛(ài)是長(zhǎng)在我們心里的藤蔓。

25、at last. 愛(ài)情是燈，友情是影子，當(dāng)燈滅了，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的周圍都是影子。朋友，是在最后可以給你力量的人。

26、Friendship is love without his wings. 友誼是沒(méi)有羽翼的愛(ài)。

27、The family is a constant shear flows, flow of mind wandering forever; love is like a hill endless sand, precipitation is the long-term accumulation of care; family like the night sky the Plough, guided the lost lamb is the direction to go home.親情猶如一江剪不斷的春水，流動(dòng)的是游子心中永遠(yuǎn)的思念；親情猶如一丘數(shù)不盡的細(xì)沙，沉淀的是長(zhǎng)年堆積的牽掛；親情猶如夜空中那顆北斗，指引的是那迷路的羔羊回家的方向。

28、The greatest thing in family life is to take a hint when a hint is intended-and not to take a hint when a hint is not intended. 家庭生活中最妙之處在于點(diǎn)破愿被點(diǎn)破之處，忽視愿被隱瞞之處。

29、A bosom friend afar brings distant land near.海內(nèi)存知己，天涯若比鄰。

30、Friendship is one of silent and the love for guided by reason, in which, from everlasting to meet with common agreement and has no, no fear.友誼是一種溫靜與沉著的愛(ài)，為理智所引導(dǎo)，習(xí)慣所結(jié)成，從長(zhǎng)久的認(rèn)識(shí)與共同的契合而產(chǎn)生，沒(méi)有嫉妒，也沒(méi)有恐懼。

31、Never regret a day in your life. Good days give you happiness and bad days give you experience.美好的日子給你帶來(lái)快樂(lè)，陰暗的日子給你帶來(lái)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。所以，不要對(duì)生命中的任何一天懷有遺憾。

32、May your love soar on the wings of a dove in flight. 愿你的愛(ài)乘著飛翔的白鴿，展翅高飛。

33、Life isn”t about waiting for the storm to pass. it”s about learning to dance  in the rain.人生不是坐等暴風(fēng)雨過(guò)去，而是學(xué)會(huì)在雨中起舞。

34、Do not be disappointed on the journey of life.there are friends in the world. Seize you chance and value your opportunities.人生路上何須惆悵，天涯海角總有知音，把握機(jī)會(huì)珍惜緣份。

35、Do what you say,say what you do.做你說(shuō)過(guò)的，說(shuō)你能做的。

36、I miss you so much already and I haven”t even left yet! 盡管還不曾離開，我已對(duì)你朝思暮想！

37、Without you, I’d be a soul without a purpose. Without you, I’d be an emotion without a heart. I’m a face without expression, a heart with no beat. Without you by my side, I’m just a flame without the heat. 沒(méi)有你，我將是一個(gè)沒(méi)有目的的靈魂；沒(méi)有你，我的情感將沒(méi)有了根基；我將是一張沒(méi)有表情的臉，一顆停止跳動(dòng)的心。沒(méi)有你在我身邊，我只是一束沒(méi)有熱量的火焰。

38、The greatest thing in family life is to take a hint when a hint is intended-and not to take a hint when a hint is not intended.家庭生活中最重要的不僅是成員之間的心領(lǐng)神會(huì)，還需要心有靈犀一點(diǎn)通。

39、Between heaven and earth there is a thing called snow, drop from the clouds, the ground; the friend is a man who is you, know in the accident, stop at the permanent.天地間有一種東西叫雪，從天而降，落地而化；朋友中有一個(gè)人是你，識(shí)于偶然，止于永久。

40、When a friend is in trouble, don”t annoy him by asking if there is anything you can do. Think up something appropriate and do it.當(dāng)朋友身處窘境，別問(wèn)你能做什么，思考，并做合適的事。

41、Before finding the right people, the only need to do is to make yourself good enough. 在找到合適的人之前，唯一需要做的，就是讓自己足夠的優(yōu)秀。

42、Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 無(wú)論你身在何處，無(wú)論你為何忙碌，我都會(huì)在此守候。

43、A good mother is worth a hundred schoolmasters.一個(gè)好母親相當(dāng)于一百個(gè)好老師。

44、This unbreakable bond that unites as one,Is as strong as the ascent of the morning sun. Infinite days and nights of joy stream by, And even beyond the day we die.我們兩人間的紐帶如此牢不可破，并如同東升的旭日勢(shì)不可擋，無(wú)盡的幸福歲月陪伴著我們，生生世世。

45、If we say that with love is a blessing, then, lost love may also be another kind of happiness; get is a blessing; lose may also be another kind of happiness.如果說(shuō)，擁有愛(ài)是一種幸福，那么，失去愛(ài)可能也是另一種幸福；得到是一種幸福；失去可能也是另一種幸福。

46、If the whole world betrayed you, at least your mother will not give up. Still remember childhood mother”s embrace is the most beautiful paradise. 如果整個(gè)世界都拋棄了你，至少還有母親不會(huì)放棄你。還記得兒時(shí)母親的懷抱就是我最美的天堂。

47、To preserve a friend three things are required: to honor him present, praise him absent, and assist him in his necessities.維持友誼需要三點(diǎn)∶當(dāng)面尊重他，背后贊揚(yáng)他，需要時(shí)幫助他。

48、The minute you think of giving up, think of the reason why you held on so long. 在你想要放棄的那一刻，想想為什么當(dāng)初堅(jiān)持走到了這里。

49、Be true to who you are. Stop trying to please other people or be someone else. It’s better to be an original version of yourself than an exact duplicate of someone else. 做真實(shí)的自己，不要為了取悅別人或試圖成為某個(gè)人。做你最原始的自己，比做任何人的復(fù)制品都來(lái)得好。

50、Never frown, even when you are sad, because you never know who is falling in love with your smile. 縱然傷心，也不要愁眉不展，因?yàn)槟悴恢钦l(shuí)會(huì)愛(ài)上你的笑容。

51、For a congenial friend a thousand toasts are too few; in a disagreeable conversation one word more is too many. 酒逢知己千杯少，話不投機(jī)半句多。

52、The heart that once truly loves never forgets. 真摯戀愛(ài)過(guò)的心永不忘卻。

53、Love warms more than a thousand fires. 愛(ài)情的熾熱勝過(guò)千萬(wàn)團(tuán)的火。

54、I”ll think of you every step of the way. 我會(huì)想你，在漫漫長(zhǎng)路的每一步。

55、Every day without you is like a book without pages. 沒(méi)有你的日子就像一本沒(méi)有書頁(yè)的書。

56、It is at our mother”s knee that we acquire our noblest and truest and highest, but there is seldom any money in them.就是在我們母親的膝上，我們獲得了我們的最高尚、最真誠(chéng)和最遠(yuǎn)大的理想，但里面很少有任何金錢。

57、Dreaming in the memory is not as good as waiting for the paradise in the hell.在回憶里繼續(xù)夢(mèng)幻，不如在地獄里等待天堂。

58、We all live in the past. We take a minute to know someone, one hour to like someone, and one day to love someone, but the whole life to forget someone.我們每個(gè)人都生活在各自的過(guò)去中，人們會(huì)用一分鐘的時(shí)間去認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)人，用一小時(shí)的時(shí)間去喜歡一個(gè)人，再用一天的時(shí)間去愛(ài)上一個(gè)人，到最后呢，卻要用一輩子的時(shí)間去忘記一個(gè)人。

59、Love does not consist in gazing at each other,but in looking outward together in the same direction.愛(ài)不是彼此凝視，而是一起注視同一個(gè)方向。

60、Everybody wants happiness, nobody wants pain, but you can”t have a rainbow without a little rain.所有人都想得到幸福，不愿承擔(dān)痛苦，但是不下點(diǎn)小雨，哪來(lái)的彩虹。

61、My love is like the grasses, hidden in the deep mountains. Though its abundance increase, nobody knows. 我的愛(ài)情猶如青草，藏在深山。 它郁郁蔥蔥，卻無(wú)人知曉。

62、Feeling faint cloud yo, feelingly never forget, life has you as sweet as honey, we can not be separated.淡淡云里悠悠情，情意綿綿永難忘，今生有你甜如蜜，我們不能分開。

63、Many people like you, I”m just dispensable.I like few people,no one except you.喜歡你的人很多，不缺我一個(gè)；我喜歡的人很少，除你就沒(méi)了。

64、A friend is one who knows us, but loves us anyway.朋友就是再怎么了解我們都一樣熱愛(ài)我們的人。

65、When it comes to family, we are all still children at heart. No matter how old we get,we always need a place to call home.面對(duì)家人的時(shí)候，在我們內(nèi)心深處我們始終覺(jué)得自己還是孩子。不管我們年齡多大了，我們還需要一個(gè)稱之為家的地方。

66、Where we love is home, home that our feet may leave, but not our hearts. 家是我們所愛(ài)的地方，雙腳可以離開，心卻不能。

67、Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.做你想做的夢(mèng)吧，去你想去的地方吧，成為你想成為的人吧，因?yàn)槟阒挥幸淮紊粋€(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去做所有那些你想做的事。

68、My love is like an ocean; it goes down so deep. My love is like a rose; whose beauty you want to keep.我的愛(ài)就像浩瀚的海洋，它深沉厚重；我的愛(ài)就像芬芳的玫瑰，你疼愛(ài)珍重。

69、Have the person love,I will try to do a lovely man.The sun is bright, the wind and rain,do his own dream run,go his own way.有沒(méi)有人愛(ài)，我也要努力做一個(gè)可愛(ài)的人。不埋怨誰(shuí)，不嘲笑誰(shuí)，也不羨慕誰(shuí)，陽(yáng)光下?tīng)N爛，風(fēng)雨中奔跑，做自己的夢(mèng)，走自己的路。

70、It”s joy to know you, wishing the nicest things always for you, not only today, but all the year through because you are really a joy to know.認(rèn)識(shí)你是一種快慰，愿你永遠(yuǎn)擁有最美好的東西，不僅今天擁有，而且天天擁有，因?yàn)檎J(rèn)識(shí)你真是一種慰藉。

71、The friendship of a gentleman is insipid as water.君子之交淡如水。

72、The family is shaping excellent personality life textbook, is to stimulate the spirit of power source, is the emotional rain nourishes the soul.親情是塑造優(yōu)秀人格的人生教科書，是激發(fā)力量的精神源泉，是滋養(yǎng)心靈的情感雨露。

73、Time is flying away,and years are passing by.only our friendship is always is my heart.f流水匆匆，歲月匆匆，唯有友情永存心中。

74、Love is a lamp, while friendship is the shadow. When the lamp is off, you will find the shadow everywhere. Friend is who can give you strength

75、It is well, when judging a friend, to remember that he is judging you with the same godlike and superior impartiality.最好在評(píng)價(jià)朋友之前先記得你也是同樣被朋友評(píng)價(jià)著。

篇（3）

“一個(gè)人的精神發(fā)育史實(shí)質(zhì)上就是一個(gè)人的閱讀史，一個(gè)民族的精神境界，很大程度上取決于全民的閱讀水平”。一個(gè)不重視閱讀的人，是一個(gè)不思進(jìn)取的人；一個(gè)不重視閱讀的家庭，是一個(gè)平庸的家庭；一個(gè)不重視閱讀的學(xué)校，是一個(gè)沉悶枯燥的學(xué)校；一個(gè)不重視閱讀的社會(huì)，是一個(gè)人文精神缺失的社會(huì)；一個(gè)不重視閱讀的民族，是一個(gè)沒(méi)有希望的民族。蘇霍姆林斯基曾說(shuō)過(guò)：“讓學(xué)生變聰明的方法，不是補(bǔ)課，不是增加作業(yè)量，而是閱讀、閱讀，再閱讀?？梢?jiàn)閱讀對(duì)個(gè)人對(duì)社會(huì)的意義多么重大?！庇⒄Z(yǔ)課外閱讀，作為課堂教學(xué)的延伸和補(bǔ)充，對(duì)拓寬學(xué)生視野，培養(yǎng)幼師生英語(yǔ)閱讀習(xí)慣、閱讀能力、英語(yǔ)自主學(xué)習(xí)能力和幫助其獲得終身學(xué)習(xí)能力具有積極的作用。

一、“英語(yǔ)課外閱讀興趣”的培養(yǎng)

“英語(yǔ)課外閱讀興趣”是指學(xué)生能充分利用自己已有的英語(yǔ)資源有期待地、有自覺(jué)地、有創(chuàng)意地去閱讀英語(yǔ)材料，并能在閱讀中有自己的感受和理解，能學(xué)會(huì)批判和反思，獲得思想啟迪，享受英語(yǔ)閱讀的樂(lè)趣。

（一）情感教育滲透，提升學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)課外閱讀興趣

“親其師，才能信其道?！鼻楦薪逃怯绊憣W(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的關(guān)鍵因素。教師應(yīng)設(shè)法多接觸學(xué)生，融洽師生關(guān)系，觀察了解學(xué)生自學(xué)能力狀況，及時(shí)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生，為學(xué)生樹立課外閱讀的自信心。學(xué)生若能從教師那里感受到真誠(chéng)的愛(ài)和鼓勵(lì)，就會(huì)從內(nèi)心深處受到鼓舞激勵(lì)和奮進(jìn)，并愉快地接受教誨。我經(jīng)常利用課余時(shí)間，將好的英語(yǔ)美文或書籍推薦給學(xué)生，將好的英文故事講給學(xué)生聽(tīng)，既溝通了情感又豐富了學(xué)生的閱讀內(nèi)容。堅(jiān)持一段時(shí)間后，學(xué)生也會(huì)把好的學(xué)習(xí)材料拿來(lái)與我分享，我們的隊(duì)伍也會(huì)從三兩個(gè)人變成八九個(gè)人。在課堂上我會(huì)將與課內(nèi)閱讀文章相關(guān)的英文閱讀材料簡(jiǎn)裝塑封后作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)發(fā)給學(xué)生。學(xué)生的閱讀積極性被極大地調(diào)動(dòng)起來(lái)，閱讀興趣也隨之提高了。

（二）拓展閱讀活動(dòng)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)課外閱讀興趣

豐富多彩的閱讀活動(dòng)，不但可以將閱讀活動(dòng)從課內(nèi)延伸到課外，而且在調(diào)動(dòng)幼師生參與熱情的同時(shí)，對(duì)幼師生英語(yǔ)閱讀興趣形成和發(fā)展起著積極的作用。課前五分鐘的英語(yǔ)自由演講，可以將學(xué)生利用課余時(shí)間和自己已有的英語(yǔ)資源通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集、書刊閱讀等準(zhǔn)備的英語(yǔ)美文、英語(yǔ)故事、兒歌律動(dòng)，時(shí)事新聞、專題演講等以口語(yǔ)匯報(bào)的形式相互交流；課文復(fù)述、閱讀故事表演、英語(yǔ)劇創(chuàng)編、英文手抄報(bào)比賽、英語(yǔ)美文摘抄展示、經(jīng)典英語(yǔ)繪本進(jìn)課堂，并在此基礎(chǔ)上引領(lǐng)學(xué)生自創(chuàng)英語(yǔ)繪本故事，這些活動(dòng)的開展拓展了學(xué)生的詞匯量，提高了學(xué)生的閱讀速度，增強(qiáng)了學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，進(jìn)而形成了課內(nèi)外英語(yǔ)閱讀相互促進(jìn)的良性循環(huán)，培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)課外閱讀興趣，促進(jìn)了學(xué)生英語(yǔ)自主學(xué)習(xí)能力的形成。

二、英語(yǔ)課外閱讀習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng)

英語(yǔ)閱讀就是從視覺(jué)材料中通過(guò)英文譯碼獲得理解和意義的過(guò)程。而習(xí)慣則是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間養(yǎng)成的不易改變的行為方式，是生活中相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的部分。所以，英語(yǔ)閱讀習(xí)慣是指學(xué)生在進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)閱讀的行為中，不自覺(jué)地遵循積久形成的思維方式和閱讀方式，表現(xiàn)出習(xí)以為常又相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的行為，往往體現(xiàn)在閱讀的動(dòng)機(jī)、興趣、途徑、方法等方面。英語(yǔ)課外閱讀習(xí)慣則包括讓學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的年齡特點(diǎn)和心理特點(diǎn)挑選適合自己閱讀的健康的課外書籍，比較熟練地掌握常用的閱讀方法，有效提高自身的閱讀速度，既有一定的閱讀數(shù)量，又有一定的閱讀質(zhì)量，在持續(xù)不斷的課外閱讀中不斷強(qiáng)化閱讀的興趣，體驗(yàn)閱讀的樂(lè)趣，從而讓愛(ài)讀、樂(lè)讀成為一種習(xí)慣。

（一）引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的英語(yǔ)閱讀習(xí)慣

由于缺乏必要的指導(dǎo)和訓(xùn)練，學(xué)生形成了種種不良的閱讀習(xí)慣，如聲讀、唇讀、指讀、回讀、重讀等，這些都影響閱讀速度和效果。教師要徹底改掉學(xué)生這些不良閱讀習(xí)慣并非易事，需要教師的科學(xué)指導(dǎo)，長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持，在閱讀實(shí)踐過(guò)程中逐步培養(yǎng)，才能幫助學(xué)生養(yǎng)成科學(xué)有效的閱讀方法和習(xí)慣。

1.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)眼、腦并用，整體閱讀、整體理解，提高閱讀速度。

2.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生猜生詞和難理解句子的技巧。對(duì)閱讀時(shí)遇到的個(gè)別不理解的單詞、短語(yǔ)及句子，可采用跳過(guò)、構(gòu)詞法推理、根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)等方法來(lái)明確它們的含義。

3.教會(huì)學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀材料中的英文關(guān)聯(lián)詞，來(lái)明確句與句，段與段之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，從而把握住段落或文章的中心。

4.利用課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一些有助于提高閱讀技能的活動(dòng)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生猜詞、略讀、掃讀、推理判斷、預(yù)測(cè)下文、把握文章脈絡(luò)，掌握主要信息、理解大意、理解作者意圖、分清文章的事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)、評(píng)價(jià)閱讀內(nèi)容等良好的閱讀技巧。

只要長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練，并對(duì)在閱讀過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題及時(shí)解決，一定會(huì)提高學(xué)生閱讀的實(shí)效性，最終促使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成一個(gè)良好的英語(yǔ)閱讀習(xí)慣。

（二）精推閱讀內(nèi)容以實(shí)效促英語(yǔ)課外閱讀習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成

首先，教師要配合閱讀教學(xué)積極向?qū)W生介紹與課文內(nèi)容密切相關(guān)的讀物或練習(xí)，進(jìn)一步充實(shí)閱讀課的內(nèi)容，為學(xué)生架起從課內(nèi)向課外閱讀的橋梁，達(dá)到既能豐富課內(nèi)所學(xué)知識(shí)，又能開拓學(xué)生視野的目的。其次要循序漸進(jìn)、由淺入深地為學(xué)生精選推薦一些英美文學(xué)作品的簡(jiǎn)單讀本，如英語(yǔ)童話故事、寓言、名人傳記、報(bào)刊雜志上具有很強(qiáng)的時(shí)代性和實(shí)用性，內(nèi)容新穎，語(yǔ)言豐富、地道時(shí)尚的文章，以適應(yīng)學(xué)生的需要、開拓學(xué)生的視野、提高其英語(yǔ)審美能力。此外，幫助學(xué)生制定閱讀計(jì)劃，引領(lǐng)學(xué)生完成一定量的閱讀任務(wù)，以《瘋狂英語(yǔ)》 《英語(yǔ)世界》《英語(yǔ)沙龍》《21世紀(jì)英文報(bào)》《簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)》《小婦人》《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》等為主，定期小結(jié)，并要求學(xué)生在摘抄本上摘錄精彩語(yǔ)言、名言佳句及精彩片段。通過(guò)閱讀后的積累，極大地激發(fā)了學(xué)生課外自主閱讀的興趣，使學(xué)生由被動(dòng)閱讀向主動(dòng)閱讀轉(zhuǎn)變，促使英語(yǔ)課外自主閱讀習(xí)慣得以形成和持久。

篇（4）

隨著教育改革的逐步深化和素質(zhì)教育的全面推進(jìn)，因材施教這一教學(xué)原則重新受到人們的關(guān)注。廣大教育工作者在探索建構(gòu)素質(zhì)教育全新模式的時(shí)候，積極學(xué)習(xí)借鑒世界先進(jìn)的教育思想方法，以信息化帶動(dòng)教育現(xiàn)代化，以課程改革為實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育的突破口進(jìn)行實(shí)踐，挖掘因材施教的科學(xué)性和合理性，重新肯定這一教學(xué)原則的價(jià)值。

一、素質(zhì)教育呼喚因材施教

素質(zhì)教育作為一種新的教學(xué)理念，其以提高國(guó)民的整體素質(zhì)為目標(biāo)，以促進(jìn)每個(gè)人的全面發(fā)展為宗旨，使每個(gè)學(xué)生都得到“最優(yōu)發(fā)展”，給現(xiàn)代教學(xué)注入新的活力。這個(gè)目標(biāo)沒(méi)有否認(rèn)學(xué)生差異的客觀實(shí)際，而是以注重學(xué)生個(gè)性的發(fā)展為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，促使每個(gè)學(xué)生個(gè)性得到充分的張揚(yáng)。這就表明開展因材施教的必要性，只有尊重、承認(rèn)差異，才能更有效地促進(jìn)學(xué)生個(gè)體的更好發(fā)展。

柳斌同志在《三談關(guān)于素質(zhì)教育的思考》中說(shuō)：“轉(zhuǎn)變教育思想應(yīng)著重提出兩方面：以德育人是大根本，因材施教乃總法則。之所以把因材施教稱為‘總法則’，原因就在于它在教育快速發(fā)展的今天，其內(nèi)涵不斷豐富起來(lái)，成為了有助于每一個(gè)國(guó)民發(fā)展個(gè)性和養(yǎng)成健全人格的必須遵循的一條最重要的、最基本的教學(xué)原則?！遍L(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，因材施教原則在制定教育政策和方針的過(guò)程中體現(xiàn)了其重要價(jià)值。因此，從某種程度上講，素質(zhì)教育呼喚因材施教，因材施教是現(xiàn)代教學(xué)實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育的重要策略。

二、因材施教的具體創(chuàng)新措施

素質(zhì)教育的全面推廣，為因材施教營(yíng)造了良好的輿論環(huán)境，在新時(shí)期大力提倡因材施教的創(chuàng)新教學(xué)模式勢(shì)在必行。筆者嘗試從初中英語(yǔ)課程實(shí)踐中，探索素質(zhì)教育下因材施教的創(chuàng)新措施，為新時(shí)期因材施教的發(fā)展添磚鋪路。

1.備課分層，實(shí)地制定教學(xué)目標(biāo)，設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)過(guò)程，為因材施教提供支撐。

備好課是上好課的前提，是提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)教材和課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，教師應(yīng)按不同層次學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況，分層次備課，具體制定教學(xué)目標(biāo)，這是一切教學(xué)活動(dòng)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)，為因材施教提供支撐。教師不僅要游刃有余、深入淺出地駕馭和講解教材，而且要因材施教，根據(jù)每位學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況，設(shè)計(jì)出適合不同層次學(xué)生參與的教學(xué)內(nèi)容和課堂提問(wèn)，調(diào)動(dòng)每位學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，鼓勵(lì)各層次學(xué)生表現(xiàn)自己。此外，訓(xùn)練技能也要注意層次和梯度，從而幫助他們樹立學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的信心。

2.建立靈活多樣的課堂教學(xué)模式，為因材施教提供主陣地。

課堂是貫徹因材施教的主要陣地，這就需要教師在良好的教學(xué)環(huán)境下創(chuàng)建靈活多樣的教學(xué)模式，多嘗試情景教學(xué)、社會(huì)實(shí)踐教學(xué)等新型教學(xué)模式，代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的單一的傳授式教學(xué)方式，由過(guò)去單調(diào)記憶知識(shí)變?yōu)閷⒂⒄Z(yǔ)融入生活的新型教學(xué)模式；多以Pairwork，groupwork形式，開展游戲、辯論、模擬采訪、制作海報(bào)、英語(yǔ)小品或話劇表演等活動(dòng)；課程內(nèi)容可以豐富多樣，如生活課堂的開展，教唱一首經(jīng)典英文歌，閱讀報(bào)紙，英文寫作課，詩(shī)歌欣賞，美文摘抄，開設(shè)英語(yǔ)角，等等，形成學(xué)校特色，這些都在課程建設(shè)中發(fā)揮著積極的補(bǔ)充完善的作用，為因材施教的實(shí)施提供新的場(chǎng)所和空間。

3.適當(dāng)整合課程教材，為因材施教提供保證。

因材施教內(nèi)涵的拓展在于人們對(duì)“材”這一核心詞理解的延伸。一般而言，一所學(xué)校同一年級(jí)的學(xué)生往往接受的是一樣的教材、教學(xué)進(jìn)度和教學(xué)要求，還沒(méi)有適合差異化教學(xué)的教材，因材施教的理念在教材中也沒(méi)有具體的體現(xiàn)，那么在這樣的環(huán)境下要求學(xué)校，要求老師們“因材施教”，真有“巧婦難為無(wú)米之炊”之感。所以編寫出適應(yīng)每個(gè)學(xué)生發(fā)展的教材是關(guān)鍵?？梢越ㄗh以英語(yǔ)教材為核心，利用現(xiàn)有的資源，開拓教與學(xué)的渠道，更新教學(xué)方式，努力使學(xué)生盡可能多地從不同渠道、以不同形式接觸和學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，親身感受和直接體驗(yàn)語(yǔ)言及語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，積極探索初中英語(yǔ)課程資源的整合的教學(xué)創(chuàng)新之路。

4.運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)實(shí)施因材施教的革命性變化。

科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代化，帶來(lái)教育教學(xué)技術(shù)手段的現(xiàn)代化，也為實(shí)施因材施教提供新的技術(shù)支撐，新課程理念下的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)，已經(jīng)不再是傳統(tǒng)的教師講解、學(xué)生死記硬背。初中英語(yǔ)新課程教學(xué)要充分考慮學(xué)生的特點(diǎn)，有效利用整合多媒體課件、投影儀、電視、電影等各種學(xué)習(xí)資源，注重與學(xué)生的交流，因材施教，真正達(dá)到新課程理念下實(shí)施高效英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)的目的，使得學(xué)習(xí)效率大幅提高，學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程更充滿歡樂(lè)。簡(jiǎn)言之，新技術(shù)革命沖擊下的因材施教走上了新的發(fā)展軌道，有利于激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，集中注意力，提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。

三、結(jié)語(yǔ)

“因材施教”經(jīng)歷了兩千多年而不衰，表現(xiàn)出極強(qiáng)的生命力，對(duì)于素質(zhì)教育背景下的“因材施教”，位于教育教學(xué)“第一陣線”的教師依舊需要不懈努力，積極探索分層教學(xué)、小組教學(xué)等全新的教學(xué)模式，靈活運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)，為每一位學(xué)生的充分發(fā)展?fàn)I造良好的社會(huì)環(huán)境和家庭教育氛圍，從而更好地為新時(shí)代的教育教學(xué)服務(wù)，在教育史上譜寫出新的篇章。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]柳斌.三談關(guān)于素質(zhì)教育的思考[J].人民教育，1996（9）.

[2]蘇霍姆林斯基著，杜殿坤編譯.給教師的一百條建議[M].教育科學(xué)出版社，2005.

篇（5）

活動(dòng)中，有兩位教師分別就《牛津高中英語(yǔ)》模塊九第三單元的閱讀部分內(nèi)容上了兩堂公開課。教學(xué)任務(wù)旨在通過(guò)閱讀使學(xué)生了解法國(guó)、美國(guó)和印度尼西亞的國(guó)旗以及他們國(guó)旗上的顏色所表示的含義與文化內(nèi)涵，同時(shí)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生借鑒文章語(yǔ)言、結(jié)構(gòu)和話題，進(jìn)行句子、段落、語(yǔ)篇等“讀寫結(jié)合”的寫作訓(xùn)練。兩位教師立足閱讀文本，優(yōu)化課堂設(shè)計(jì)，處理好輸入與輸出的關(guān)系，分別在閱讀前、閱讀中和閱讀后，精心選擇讀寫結(jié)合點(diǎn)，搭建閱讀與寫作的橋梁。本文摘取其中的教學(xué)片段，闡述教師如何將閱讀與寫作巧妙整合，閱讀如何為寫作鋪墊，寫作又如何成為閱讀的一部分。

一、讀前知寫——豐富學(xué)生的寫作語(yǔ)料

閱讀前，教師提前下發(fā)預(yù)習(xí)單，通過(guò)形式豐富的預(yù)習(xí)作業(yè)讓學(xué)生熟悉閱讀材料中的生詞意思和用法的同時(shí)初步感知學(xué)習(xí)材料，為閱讀與寫作儲(chǔ)存豐富的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)。

【案例1】詞匯預(yù)習(xí)單

I．Please go over the vocabulary list of Unit 3 on P34-35 and group the words according to their part of speech.

II. Fill in the table according to the hints.

III． Complete the sentences with words from the above.

1. To draw a ______， you have to check all the information again.

2. Almost all of the Chinese parents try to give their children whatever they want， but very few of them attend to children’s ______ needs.

3. Cheating in the examinations is like stealing and it will ruin your reputation. You will no longer be a man of ______.

4. As we all know， there are still many poor people in this world suffering from ______.

5. She found the button to her newly-bought dress and ______ it back on.

學(xué)生寫作時(shí)往往出現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞等核心詞匯混淆從而導(dǎo)致句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤的現(xiàn)象。教師設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)習(xí)單時(shí)先讓學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中出現(xiàn)的全部生詞進(jìn)行分類整理，知曉單詞的基本詞性，然后對(duì)于拼寫、用法容易混淆的重點(diǎn)詞匯設(shè)計(jì)稍靈活的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、寫出中文意思、反義詞和動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式等練習(xí)，幫助學(xué)生進(jìn)行有意識(shí)的聯(lián)想和類比，最后以完成句子的形式，感悟詞在句子中的作用和意義，在語(yǔ)用層面知曉詞匯。通過(guò)形式多樣的詞匯練習(xí)，提高詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)率，積累詞匯，豐富學(xué)生的語(yǔ)料，不僅為閱讀教學(xué)掃清詞匯障礙，也為正確遣詞造句的寫作訓(xùn)練奠定基礎(chǔ)。詞匯量越大，寫作時(shí)就能胸中有詞匯、下筆如有神了。

【案例2】課文預(yù)習(xí)單

I. Surf the Internet or refer to some reference books to get some information about national flags in the world. Look for more background information about the national flags of the three countries mentioned in the reading passage， France， the USA and Indonesia. Remember to take notes while researching.

II. Please write down as many sentence patterns describing colors in the text as possible.

III. The article highlights how colors are used to represent different values in different cultures. Look at the table below and fill in what each color represents in each country.

通過(guò)上網(wǎng)或查閱參考書搜集與文章相關(guān)課外閱讀材料，調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備，豐富學(xué)生的知識(shí)面，拓寬閱讀量，發(fā)散學(xué)生的思維，激發(fā)學(xué)生主動(dòng)探究文章重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容的欲望，使學(xué)生對(duì)于文章有較深入的認(rèn)識(shí)，為課堂上新知的順利學(xué)習(xí)搭好支架。同時(shí)摘抄文中描述顏色的各種優(yōu)美句子，完成表格中顏色在不同國(guó)家文化中代表的不同價(jià)值和含義，這些讀前練習(xí)均可引導(dǎo)學(xué)生反復(fù)朗讀、品味文章精彩句子和段落，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生預(yù)測(cè)和分析文章的行文和結(jié)構(gòu)，為學(xué)生做好閱讀準(zhǔn)備的同時(shí)為寫作做好了語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和話題知識(shí)的初步準(zhǔn)備。［1］

二、讀中悟?qū)憽罱ㄩ喿x與寫作的橋梁

英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高了對(duì)寫作的要求，突出了對(duì)遣詞造句、謀篇布局和情感表達(dá)的要求。在閱讀過(guò)程中，教師應(yīng)注意挖掘閱讀材料內(nèi)部的寫作因素，通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)各項(xiàng)微型教學(xué)活動(dòng)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從范文中獲取詞匯、句型、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)等寫作資源，搭建詞匯、句子和篇章支架。教師在課堂設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)還應(yīng)充分考慮閱讀過(guò)程中關(guān)注的內(nèi)容（詞、句、章等知識(shí)）在寫作過(guò)程中加以運(yùn)用，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)信息的提取和分析活動(dòng)是否構(gòu)建寫作目標(biāo)文體所需要的。［2］

通過(guò)閱讀教學(xué)使學(xué)生在寫作過(guò)程中體會(huì)如何選擇材料，確定中心，圍繞中心安排組織材料，準(zhǔn)確地選擇詞語(yǔ)，寫出通順的句子，連句成段，連段成篇。

1. 立足文本，提煉篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

教師在閱讀教學(xué)時(shí)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行語(yǔ)篇分析，從理解整篇內(nèi)容入手，分析段際關(guān)系，找出主題句，總結(jié)段落大意，把握作者的謀篇布局思路，總結(jié)概括文章大意，通過(guò)剖析閱讀材料的結(jié)構(gòu)讓學(xué)生掌握同類文章的寫作格局。

【案例】

T： What is mainly talked about in the article？

（Some national flags and what the colors on the flags represent）

T： How do you get the main idea of this passage？

（PPT） Reading strategy I： Read the headline， the first and the last paragraph to get an idea of the theme or topic of the article.

T： What is the structure of the article？

（1） How many parts can the text be divided into？

（2） What is the main idea of each part？

（PPT呈現(xiàn)漢堡包，形象地解讀該文的結(jié)構(gòu)：最上面一層是Introduction，中間一層是Supporting details/Body/Examples，最下面一層是Conclusion）

Part 1： A brief introduction of the national flag

Part 2： National flags in three countries（France， the USA and Indonesia）

Part 3： Summary—Value and meaning of the national flag

（PPT） Reading strategy II： The main idea of a paragraph is often expressed in the topic sentence. The topic sentence is usually the first or the last sentence， sometimes in the middle.

正確把握文章的主旨是閱讀和寫作的重點(diǎn)，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生瀏覽文章的標(biāo)題及第一段知曉文章的主題是國(guó)旗、顏色的不同含義以及所代表的文化。然后，教師借助漢堡包生動(dòng)、直觀地分析文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從整體上把握語(yǔ)篇的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。教師在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生理解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)上關(guān)注寫作的提取，PPT上呈現(xiàn)的兩點(diǎn)閱讀策略其實(shí)也是學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)要牢記在心的寫作基本要求，即寫作時(shí)要注意文章標(biāo)題的擬定及文章第一段落的內(nèi)容，要能開門見(jiàn)山地介紹文章的主題。接下去各段落的展開要圍繞主題，同時(shí)段落要有主題句，通常在段首或段尾，有時(shí)會(huì)在段落中，最后一段一般是對(duì)文章主題的一個(gè)總結(jié)性的闡述。這樣學(xué)生通過(guò)接下去的細(xì)讀文章對(duì)如何寫起始段、當(dāng)中段落和結(jié)論就有了較深入的感悟。

2. 基于文本，挖掘重點(diǎn)句型

閱讀材料的語(yǔ)言和知識(shí)是寫作的基礎(chǔ)，提高寫作能力的前提是充足的詞匯量和豐富的句型。在閱讀教學(xué)中，教師用豐富的教學(xué)活動(dòng)讓學(xué)生在閱讀過(guò)程中接觸大量相關(guān)的詞匯與句式信息，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)欣賞作者的語(yǔ)言特色，對(duì)比不同的詞匯在不同語(yǔ)境中的作用和意義，從而為學(xué)生在實(shí)際寫作中活用詞匯、活用句式打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。

【案例1】

Share the sentence patterns in the text to describe a flag.

（PPT） A flag tells us something about ...

The flag， sometimes called ...， symbolizes ...

White is regarded as a symbol of ...

The stars and stripes are symbolic.

Red shows/means ... while white represents ...

Red represents ... and blue stands for ...

Red resembles ... and white looks like ...

The colors have a link with ...

教師充分挖掘教材的閃光處，在學(xué)生細(xì)讀文章后，分享文中描述國(guó)旗和顏色的優(yōu)美文句及經(jīng)典句型。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注句中有下劃線的單詞或短語(yǔ)，通過(guò)對(duì)這些精彩語(yǔ)句的評(píng)點(diǎn)來(lái)提高學(xué)生的鑒賞能力，讓學(xué)生明白多樣化的句式會(huì)使文章生動(dòng)有趣，充滿活力。同時(shí)，教師把握契機(jī)，適時(shí)布置簡(jiǎn)短的寫作訓(xùn)練：The world is full of colors. What is your favorite color？ Please work in groups and write down your group members’ favorite color and reasons.學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀，對(duì)相關(guān)詞匯和地道的句式有了一定的感性認(rèn)識(shí)，在描寫同伴最喜歡的顏色和原因時(shí)自然就運(yùn)用上了所學(xué)的單詞和句型，實(shí)現(xiàn)讀寫有機(jī)結(jié)合。

【案例2】

Complete the following sentences using different words， phrases or drills.

（1） These flags are not only just colorful pieces of cloth that are sewn together.

These flags are ____ ____ just colorful pieces of cloth ____ together.

（2） The three colors remind people of the motto of the Revolution—liberty， equality and fraternity.`

The three colors are a visual ____ of the motto of the Revolution—liberty， equality and fraternity.

（3） On the Indonesian flag the colors are related to food.

On the Indonesian flag the colors ____ ____ ____ ____ food.

（4） The same color can correspond to different meanings in different cultures.

Sometimes， the same color ____ different things in ____ cultures.

（5） The flag， a simple design of a red band over a white one， is based on a national flag that dates back to the 13th century.

The flag， which could not be further ____， is a red band over a white one and is based on a national flag ____ ____ ____ the 13th century.

教師在閱讀教學(xué)中捕捉閱讀中的關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵句，同時(shí)善用“詞”的轉(zhuǎn)換，通過(guò)詞與詞的轉(zhuǎn)換、詞與從句的轉(zhuǎn)換來(lái)豐富句式，讓學(xué)生接觸多種語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格，熟練掌握每一種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式，明確區(qū)別，扎實(shí)地積累語(yǔ)言材料，在運(yùn)用中發(fā)展學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言能力。

【案例3】

I. Apply different sentence patterns to answer the question.

What are the different explanations for the meaning of the Indonesian flag？

The explanation that is the most common one.

Some people say .

What others believe .

It is believed by some people .

What is certain .

II. Please use the above sentence patterns to describe Whether Senior 3 Students Should Take Physical Exercise.

S： Some students think（believe） they should take exercise every day ... What others believe is that taking exercise is a waste of time and it is tiring ... What is certain is that we should balance study and exercise ...

在細(xì)節(jié)閱讀Indonesia部分，教師讓學(xué)生閱讀文本后運(yùn)用不同的句式回答對(duì)于印度尼西亞國(guó)旗含義的不同解釋的問(wèn)題。教師在閱讀理解問(wèn)題的設(shè)計(jì)上充分關(guān)注不同句型在寫作中的運(yùn)用。在學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題后，針對(duì)高三學(xué)生因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)繁重不參加體育鍛煉的情況，教師創(chuàng)設(shè)情境讓學(xué)生仿照句型造句：假設(shè)你是班長(zhǎng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)你的了解向校長(zhǎng)匯報(bào)同學(xué)對(duì)于是否參加體育鍛煉的看法。活學(xué)活用的寫作訓(xùn)練讓學(xué)生更清晰地領(lǐng)悟文中句型的作用。學(xué)生在“讀”中悟?qū)懙倪^(guò)程中，不是機(jī)械地照搬原文，而是經(jīng)過(guò)自己的感悟，恰當(dāng)?shù)啬７潞迷~好句，感悟?qū)懽鼢攘Α?/p>

三、讀后練寫——增強(qiáng)篇章寫作實(shí)戰(zhàn)

教師通過(guò)“初讀感知—細(xì)讀理解—精讀品味”的閱讀順序，遵循學(xué)生由淺入深的認(rèn)知規(guī)律，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握略讀或粗讀的方法。通過(guò)“讀”，學(xué)生對(duì)文章的選材、內(nèi)容布局、語(yǔ)言組織有了一些可借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，形成一種量的積累。但要完成質(zhì)的飛躍，還需要通過(guò)篇章寫作實(shí)踐來(lái)落實(shí)。英語(yǔ)寫作能力一般是通過(guò)“詞”“句”“篇”循序漸進(jìn)的訓(xùn)練發(fā)展的。學(xué)習(xí)詞匯是基礎(chǔ)，句型應(yīng)用是過(guò)渡或橋梁，篇章是目的。因此，教師應(yīng)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生正確解析詞句的作用，把握篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握連段成篇的方法，并把閱讀中學(xué)到的寫作基本方法運(yùn)用到自己的習(xí)作中去。準(zhǔn)確靈活地運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行行之有效的謀篇布局。［3］

1. 隨文仿寫

閱讀材料不僅是教的藍(lán)本，讀的范本，更是寫作的范文。教師應(yīng)在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)找準(zhǔn)文章中和學(xué)生的寫作實(shí)際密切聯(lián)系的交合點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生模仿文章結(jié)構(gòu)、寫作風(fēng)格和雋言妙語(yǔ)來(lái)謀篇布局進(jìn)行仿寫訓(xùn)練。

【案例】

If you are asked to write something about Chinese national flag， what would you write？ （discuss in groups）？

（1）What’s our national flag called？

（2）What’s it like？ Where are the stars？

（3）What do the colors symbolize？

（4）What do the stars stand for？

（5）When and how do we celebrate our National Day？

教師在指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成范文閱讀后，因地制宜地要求學(xué)生仿照書本對(duì)三個(gè)國(guó)家國(guó)旗的介紹，完成對(duì)自己偉大祖國(guó)——中國(guó)國(guó)旗的介紹。

教師參照閱讀文章呈現(xiàn)寫作模式圖，指導(dǎo)寫作過(guò)程。設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容：OutlineWords/PhrasesSentencesParagraph（Topic Paragraph/Supporting Paragraph/ Conclusion）。幫助學(xué)生逐步建立思維框架：第一部分是引言（introduction）或主題句（topic sentence），第二部分是擴(kuò)展句（supporting sentence），介紹the origin of the Chinese national flag和 the meanings of the Chinese national flag，第三部分為結(jié)尾句（conclusion）。［4］ 然后通過(guò)提供問(wèn)題布置小組討論，讓學(xué)生充分借鑒文章結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)言，靈活運(yùn)用文章中的高級(jí)詞匯、復(fù)雜句式或精彩片段。學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)很自然地模仿文章，融入文章中優(yōu)美詞句，順利完成關(guān)于 中國(guó)國(guó)旗的寫作任務(wù)。通過(guò)寫作，學(xué)生進(jìn)一步理解中國(guó)國(guó)旗的象征意義，愛(ài)國(guó)主義情操得到提升。

2. 拓展式寫作

在學(xué)生把握閱讀材料話題知識(shí)、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握重點(diǎn)詞組句型，欣賞遣詞造句等的前提下，教師應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)“做寫結(jié)合”教學(xué)任務(wù)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行整體吸收與運(yùn)用，借鑒話題進(jìn)行拓展活動(dòng)。這樣不僅充實(shí)閱讀教學(xué)的內(nèi)涵，而且實(shí)現(xiàn)從閱讀向?qū)懽鞯难由臁?/p>

【案例】

Task I： Design a flag for your class. （pattern， colors and meanings ... ）

Task II： Make a description of your class flag.

Pattern （2-3 sentences）

Colors （2-3 sentences）

Meanings （4-5 sentences）

...

Task III： Polish up your description of the class flag and write a letter to your friend Jack in the USA， introducing your class flag.

基于學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀，對(duì)各國(guó)國(guó)旗圖樣、歷史、顏色、含義及影響等有了較深入的了解，教師布置“做寫”結(jié)合的開放式寫作任務(wù)，先要求學(xué)生小組合作設(shè)計(jì)班旗，然后指導(dǎo)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)從圖樣、顏色和含義等方面描述班旗，最后為了使學(xué)生有更大的學(xué)以致用的交際空間，設(shè)計(jì)給美國(guó)朋友寫信介紹班旗這一情景。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，學(xué)生在閱讀中通過(guò)閱讀范文和分析詞匯、句型、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)等完成輸入活動(dòng)，制作班旗并且用英語(yǔ)介紹班旗等活動(dòng)進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言內(nèi)化活動(dòng)，最后的信函寫作則實(shí)現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言輸出活動(dòng)，真正體現(xiàn)了“輸入—內(nèi)化—輸出”這樣的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程。［5］

閱讀與寫作是相輔相成、相互促進(jìn)的。讀可以為寫提供參考模式，讀可以給寫以更多的啟發(fā)。教師在讀寫結(jié)合的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)過(guò)程中要做好引路人，要找到二者的契合點(diǎn)，精心設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)寫的任務(wù)來(lái)強(qiáng)化學(xué)生讀的收獲，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從接觸到領(lǐng)悟，從模仿到創(chuàng)造，通過(guò)“讀前知寫”“讀中悟?qū)憽薄白x后練寫”，讓寫作實(shí)實(shí)在在地走進(jìn)英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)，讓學(xué)生從閱讀中學(xué)會(huì)寫作，在閱讀中感知寫作，從閱讀走向?qū)懽?。長(zhǎng)此以往，學(xué)生就會(huì)讀起來(lái)情趣盎然，寫起來(lái)筆下生花。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

［1］ 李敏. 初中英語(yǔ)讀寫課的教學(xué)目標(biāo)、教學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)與課堂管理［J］. 中小學(xué)外語(yǔ)教學(xué)（中學(xué)篇），2011（5）：33-35.

［2］ 牟金江，呂秋華. 高中英語(yǔ)“三段七步讀寫整合教學(xué)模式”實(shí)施與建議［J］. 中小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究，2008（3）：26-29.